Manipulation of Price. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no Person acting on their behalf has, directly or indirectly, # taken any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, # sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, # paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or # paid or agreed to pay any Person for research services with respect to any securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

Manipulation of Price. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no Person acting on their behalf has, directly or indirectly, # taken any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, # sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities (other than the Placement Agent), # paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or # paid or agreed to pay any Person for research services with respect to any securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

Manipulation of Price. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has: # taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result, or that could reasonably be expected to cause or result, in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, # sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or # paid or agreed to pay to any person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.