Formation of Subsidiaries. Each Loan Party will, at the time that any Loan Party forms any direct or indirect Subsidiary, acquires any direct or indirect Subsidiary after the Sixth Restatement Effective Date, at any time when any direct or indirect Subsidiary of a Loan Party that previously was an Excluded Subsidiary ceases to be an Excluded Subsidiary, or at any time when any Unrestricted Subsidiary is designated as a Restricted Subsidiary, within thirty days of such event (or such later date as permitted by Agent in its sole discretion) # unless such Subsidiary is an Excluded Subsidiary, cause such Subsidiary # if such Subsidiary is a Domestic Subsidiary and Administrative Borrower requests, subject to the consent of Agent, that such Domestic Subsidiary be joined as a Borrower hereunder, to provide to Agent a Joinder to this Agreement, and # to provide to Agent a joinder to the Guaranty and Security Agreement, in each case, together with (subject to such longer time period as may be expressly provided in any other Loan Document) such other Security Documents reasonably requested by the Agent, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent (including being sufficient to grant Agent a first priority Lien (subject to Permitted Liens) in and to the assets of such newly formed or acquired Subsidiary); # except to the extent exempted or excluded under and in accordance with the terms of the Guaranty and Security Agreement, provide, or cause the applicable Loan Party to provide, to Agent a pledge agreement (or an addendum to the Guaranty and Security Agreement) and appropriate certificates and powers or financing statements, pledging all of the direct or beneficial ownership interest in such new Subsidiary in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent; provided, that only 65% of the total outstanding voting Equity Interests of any first tier Subsidiary of a Loan Party that is a CFC or a Disregarded Domestic Person (and none of the Equity Interests of any Subsidiary of such CFC or Disregarded Domestic Person) shall be required to be pledged if pledging a greater amount would result in adverse tax consequences or the costs to the Loan Parties of providing such pledge are unreasonably excessive (as determined by Agent in consultation with Borrowers) in relation to the benefits to Agent and the Lenders of the security afforded thereby (which pledge, if reasonably requested by Agent, shall be governed by the laws of the jurisdiction of such Subsidiary), and # provide to Agent all other documentation, including the Governing Documents of such Subsidiary, security agreements with respect to such Subsidiary’s intellectual property, and one or more opinions of counsel reasonably satisfactory to Agent, which, in its reasonable opinion, is appropriate with respect to the execution and delivery of the applicable documentation referred to above. Agent shall not accept delivery of any joinder to any Loan Document with respect to any Subsidiary of any Loan Party that is not a Loan Party, if such Subsidiary that qualifies as a “legal entity customer” under the Beneficial Ownership Regulation unless such Subsidiary has delivered a Beneficial Ownership Certification in relation to such Subsidiary and Agent and each Lender has completed its respective Patriot Act searches, OFAC/PEP searches and customary individual background checks for such Subsidiary, the results of which shall be satisfactory to Agent and each Lender, respectively.

Formation of Subsidiaries. Each Borrower will, at the time that any Loan Party forms any direct or indirect Subsidiary or acquires any direct or indirect Subsidiary after the Closing Date, within 30 days of such formation or acquisition (or such later date as permitted by Agent in its sole discretion) # cause such new Subsidiary to provide to Agent a joinder to the Guaranty and Security Agreement, together with such other security agreements with respect to any assets or property of such new Subsidiary constituting Collateral, as well as appropriate financing statements, all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent (including being sufficient to grant Agent a first priority Lien (subject to Permitted Liens) in and to the assets of such newly formed or acquired Subsidiary constituting Collateral (as defined in the Guaranty and Security Agreement); provided, that the joinder to the Guaranty and Security Agreement and such other security agreements shall not be required to be provided to Agent with respect to any Foreign Subsidiary, and # provide to Agent all other documentation, including one or more customary opinions of counsel reasonably satisfactory to Agent, which, in its reasonable opinion, is customary and appropriate with respect to the execution and delivery of the applicable documentation referred to above. Any document, agreement, or instrument executed or issued pursuant to this Section 5.11 shall constitute a Loan Document.

Formation of Subsidiaries. At the time that any Loan Party forms any direct or indirect Subsidiary or acquires any direct or indirect Subsidiary after the Closing Date, such Loan Party shall # within ten (10) days of such formation or acquisition (or such later date as permitted by Agent in its sole discretion) cause any such new Subsidiary to provide to Agent a joinder to the Guaranty and the Security Agreement, together with such other security documents (including mortgages with respect to any Real Property owned in fee of such new Subsidiary with a fair market value of at least $2,500,000), as well as appropriate financing statements (and with respect to all property subject to a mortgage, fixture filings), all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent (including being sufficient to grant Agent a first priority Lien (subject to Permitted Liens) in and to the assets of such newly formed or acquired Subsidiary); provided, that # with respect to the Obligations of any Loan Party organized under the laws of the United States, the Guaranty, the Security Agreement, and such other security documents shall not be required to be provided to Agent with respect to any Subsidiary of a Loan Party that is a controlled foreign corporation (or with respect to any new domestic Subsidiary that does not have assets with a value in excess of $1,000,000 or operations other than the Stock of a controlled foreign corporation) if providing such documents would result in material adverse tax consequences, # within ten (10) days of such formation or acquisition (or such later date as permitted by Agent in its sole discretion), provide to Agent a pledge agreement (or an addendum to the Security Agreement) and appropriate certificates and powers or financing statements, pledging all of the direct or beneficial ownership interest in such new Subsidiary reasonably satisfactory to Agent; provided, that, only sixty-five percent (65%) of the total outstanding voting Stock of any Subsidiary of any Borrower that is a controlled foreign corporation (and none of the Stock of any Subsidiary of such controlled foreign corporation) shall be required to be pledged to secure the Obligations of any Loan Party organized under the laws of the United States if pledging a greater amount would result in adverse tax consequences or the costs to the Loan Parties of providing such pledge or perfecting the security interests created thereby are unreasonably excessive (as determined by Agent in consultation with Borrowers) in relation to the benefits of Agent and the Lenders of the security or guarantee afforded thereby (which pledge, if reasonably requested by Agent, shall be governed by the laws of the jurisdiction of such Subsidiary), and # within ten (10) days of such formation or acquisition (or such later date as permitted by Agent in its sole discretion) provide to Agent all other documentation, including one or more opinions of counsel reasonably satisfactory to Agent, which in its opinion is appropriate with respect to the execution and delivery of the applicable documentation referred to above (including policies of title insurance or other documentation with respect to all Real Property owned in fee and subject to a mortgage). Any document, agreement, or instrument executed or issued pursuant to this Section 5.11 shall be a Loan Document.

Restricted Subsidiaries That Are Not Excluded Subsidiaries. In the event that any Person becomes a direct or indirect Restricted Subsidiary of a Loan Party (other than an Excluded Subsidiary) or ceases to constitute an Excluded Subsidiary or Unrestricted Subsidiary or if any Excluded Subsidiary shall guarantee any Indebtedness of the Borrower or any other Loan Party in excess of the Threshold Amount during any fiscal quarter, promptly thereafter, and in any event on or prior to the date the next Compliance Certificate is required to be delivered pursuant to [Section 6.02(b)] in respect of such fiscal quarter (such date, as it may be extended by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion, a “Quarterly Reporting Date”) # cause such Person to execute and deliver a Joinder Agreement and such other documents as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably request, # pledge and maintain a pledge of one hundred percent (100%) of the Equity Interests of such Subsidiary (subject to no Liens, other than Permitted Liens); (it being understood that, in the event the owner of such Equity Interests is not a Loan Party, such owner shall execute a deliver a Joinder Agreement and such other documents as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably request), and # deliver, and cause such Person to deliver, to the Administrative Agent documents of the types referred to in [Sections 4.01(a)(iii), 4.01(a)(iv), 4.01(a)(viii), 4.01(a)(x) and 4.01(a)(ix)])])], and, to the extent requested by the Administrative Agent, documents of the types referred to in [Section 4.01(a)(xi)], and favorable opinions of counsel to the Borrower and such Subsidiary (which shall cover, among other things, the legality, validity, binding effect and enforceability of the documentation executed pursuant to this [Section 6.11(a)]), all in form, content and scope reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.

If any additional direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Borrower is formed or acquired following the First Amendment and Restatement Effective Date and such Subsidiary is # a wholly owned domestic Subsidiary (other than an Excluded Subsidiary) or # any other domestic Subsidiary that may be designated by the Borrower in its sole discretion, within twenty (20) days after the date such Subsidiary is formed or acquired or meets such criteria (or first becomes subject to such requirement) (or such longer period as the Administrative Agent may agree in its sole discretion), notify the Administrative Agent thereof and, within sixty (60) days after the date such Subsidiary is formed or acquired or meets such criteria (or first becomes subject to such requirement) or such longer period as the Administrative Agent may agree in its sole discretion, cause such Subsidiary to become a Guarantor and Pledgor and cause the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement to be satisfied with respect to such Subsidiary; provided that the foregoing shall not require the delivery of any document, financing statement, legal opinion or instrument or the taking of any action, in each case in respect of such Subsidiary, of a type described on [Schedule 7] until the date required pursuant to Section 5.09. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document, # in no circumstance shall any Excluded Subsidiary become a Guarantor or a Pledgor unless designated as a Guarantor or Pledgor, as applicable, by Borrower in its sole discretion and # to the extent the holders of any Subsidiary’s equity interests are prohibited from granting Liens on such equity interests to secure the Secured Obligations by any applicable Law, or the grant of any such Lien would require consent, approval, license or authorization of a Governmental Authority (unless such consent, approval, license or authorization has been received), in no circumstance shall such equity interests required to be pledged to secure the Secured Obligations.

Formation of Subsidiaries. Borrower will, at the time that Parent or any Loan Party forms any direct or indirect Subsidiary or acquires any direct or indirect Subsidiary after the Closing Date (in each case, other than a Subsidiary that is an Immaterial Subsidiary), or at any time that any Subsidiary that was an Immaterial Subsidiary ceases to be an Immaterial Subsidiary, within 10 days (or, with respect to SignalDemand, Inc., a Delaware corporation, 30 days) of such formation or acquisition or the date such Subsidiary ceases to be an Immaterial Subsidiary (or such later date as permitted by Agent in its sole discretion) # cause such Subsidiary to provide to Agent a guaranty of the Obligations, together with such security documents (including Mortgages with respect to any Real Property owned in fee of such new Subsidiary with a fair market value greater than $500,000), as well as appropriate financing statements (and with respect to all property subject to a mortgage, fixture filings), all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent (including being sufficient to grant Agent a first priority Lien (subject to Permitted Liens) in and to the assets of such newly formed or acquired Subsidiary to secure its guaranty of the Obligations); provided, that such guaranty and such security documents shall not be required to be provided to Agent with respect to any Subsidiary of Parent that is a CFC if providing such agreements # would result in adverse tax consequences, # would be prohibited under applicable law or # the costs to the Loan Parties of providing such guaranty or security agreements are unreasonably excessive (as determined by Agent in consultation with Borrower) in relation to the benefits to Agent and the Lenders of the security or guarantee afforded thereby, # provide, or cause the applicable Loan Party or Parent to provide, to Agent a pledge agreement (or an addendum to the Guaranty and Security Agreement or Pledge Agreement to the extent the applicable Loan Party is a party thereto) and appropriate certificates and powers or financing statements, pledging all of the direct or beneficial ownership interest in such new Subsidiary in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent in order to secure the Obligations; provided, that only 65% of the total outstanding voting Equity Interests of any first tier Subsidiary of Parent that is a CFC (and none of the Equity Interests of any Subsidiary of such CFC) shall be required to be pledged if pledging a greater amount would result in adverse tax consequences or the costs to the Loan Parties of providing such pledge are unreasonably excessive (as determined by Agent in consultation with Borrower) in relation to the benefits to Agent and the Lenders of the security afforded thereby (which pledge, if reasonably requested by Agent, shall be governed by the laws of the jurisdiction of such Subsidiary), and # provide to Agent all other documentation, including one or more opinions of counsel reasonably satisfactory to Agent, which, in its reasonable opinion, is appropriate with respect to the execution and delivery of the applicable documentation referred to above (including policies of title insurance or other documentation with respect to all Real Property owned in fee and subject to a Mortgage). Any document, agreement, or instrument executed or issued pursuant to this [Section 5.11] shall constitute a Loan Document. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the parties hereto acknowledge that they have agreed to defer compliance with applicable requirements of German and English law with respect to the granting and perfection of security interests in the Equity Interests of ​ Germany and ​ Europe, and any representation or warranty set forth herein with respect to the creation or perfection of such security interests or compliance with German or English law with respect to such creation or perfection is so qualified; provided, that if at any time # the revenue of ​ Germany or ​ Europe for the most recently ended twelve month period is more than $20,000,000 or # the revenue of ​ Germany and ​ Europe for the most recently ended twelve month period (when aggregated with the revenue for all other Subsidiaries of Parent that are CFCs for such twelve month period) is more than 20% of the revenue of the Parent and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis for such twelve month period, Borrower shall be required to provide a pledge under applicable German and English law in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent of 65% of the outstanding voting Equity Interests of ​ Germany and ​ Europe as set forth in this [Section 5.11].