To the extent that the payment of any compensation or benefits to Executive from the Company is required to be reduced by this Section 11, such reduction shall be implemented by determining the “Parachute Payment Ratio” (as hereinafter defined) for each parachute payment and then reducing the parachute payments in order beginning with the parachute payment with the highest Parachute Payment Ratio. For parachute payments with the same Parachute Payment Ratio, such parachute payments shall be reduced based on the time of payment of such parachute payments, with amounts having later payment dates being reduced first. For parachute payments with the same Parachute Payment Ratio and the same time of payment, such parachute payments shall be reduced on a pro rata basis (but not below zero) prior to reducing parachute payments with a lower Parachute Payment Ratio.

Anything in any section of this Agreement other than this Section 11 to the contrary notwithstanding, in the event it shall be determined that any Payment (as hereinafter defined) would be subject to the Excise Tax (as hereinafter defined), the right to receive any Payment under this Agreement shall be reduced if but only if:

If any Grantee is a “disqualified individual,” as defined in Code Section 280G(c), then, notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan or of any other agreement, contract or understanding heretofore or hereafter entered into by such Grantee with the Company or an Affiliate, except an agreement, contract or understanding that expressly addresses Code Section 280G or Code Section 4999 (an “Other Agreement”), and notwithstanding any formal or informal plan or other arrangement for the direct or indirect provision of compensation to the Grantee (including groups or classes of Grantees or beneficiaries of which the Grantee is a member), whether or not such compensation is deferred, is in cash, or is in the form of a benefit to or for the Grantee (a “Benefit Arrangement”), any right of the Grantee to any exercise, vesting, payment or benefit under the Plan shall be reduced or eliminated:

Parachute Payments. If any payment or benefit (including payments and benefits pursuant to this Agreement) that Executive would receive in connection with a Change in Control from the Company or other event that constitutes a change in ownership or control within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code and the regulations thereunder (in either case, a “[[Unknown Identifier]] Event” and any such payment or benefit, a “Transaction Payment”) would # constitute a “parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code, and # but for this sentence, be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code (the “Excise Tax”), then the Company shall cause to be determined, before any amounts of the Transaction Payment are paid to Executive, which of the following two alternative forms of payment would result in Executive’s receipt, on an after-tax basis, of the greater amount of Transaction Payments notwithstanding that all or some portion of the Transaction Payment may be subject to the Excise Tax: # payment in full of the entire amount of the Transaction Payments (a “Full Payment”), or # payment of only a portion of the Transaction Payments so that Executive receives the largest payment possible without the imposition of the Excise Tax (a “Reduced Payment”). For purposes of determining whether to make a Full Payment or a Reduced Payment, the Company shall cause to be taken into account all applicable federal, state, local and foreign income and employment taxes and the Excise Tax (all computed at the highest applicable marginal rate, net of the maximum reduction in federal income taxes which could be obtained from a deduction of such state and local taxes). If a Reduced Payment is made, # Executive shall have no rights to any additional payments and/or benefits constituting the forfeited portion of the Full Payment, and # reduction in payments and/or benefits will occur in the manner that results in the greatest economic benefit for Executive. If more than one method of reduction will result in the same economic benefit, the items so reduced will be reduced pro rata. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if such reduction would result in any portion of the Transaction Payments being subject to penalties pursuant to Section 409A of the Code that would not otherwise be subject to such penalties, then the reduction method shall be modified so as to avoid the imposition of penalties pursuant to Section 409A of the Code as follows: # Transaction Payments that are contingent on future events (e.g., being terminated without Cause), shall be reduced (or eliminated) before Transaction Payments that are not contingent on future events; and # Transaction Payments that are “deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code shall be reduced (or eliminated) before Transaction Payments that are not deferred compensation within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code. In the event that acceleration of vesting of any equity compensation awards is to be reduced, such acceleration of vesting will be cancelled in the reverse order of the date of grant of Executive’s equity awards. In no event will the Company or any stockholder be liable to Executive for any amounts not paid as a result of the operation of this provision.

Parachute Payments. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, in the event it shall be determined that receipt of all payments or distributions by the Company or its affiliates in the nature of compensation to or for your benefit, whether paid or payable pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise, would subject you to the excise tax under Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), the amount of “parachute payments” (within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code) paid or payable pursuant to this Agreement (the “Agreement Payments”) shall be reduced to the greatest amount of Agreement Payments that can be paid that would not result in the imposition of the excise tax under Section 4999 of the Code (the “Reduced Amount”) only if it is determined that you would be better-off, on a net after-tax basis, if the Agreement Payments were reduced to the Reduced Amount. All determinations required to be made under this [Section 11(b)] shall be made by an independent accounting firm (the “Accounting Firm”), and all fees and expenses of the Accounting firm shall be borne solely by the Company. The Accounting Firm shall provide detailed supporting calculations to both the Company and to you, and absent manifest error, shall be binding upon the Company and you.

Parachute Payments. If Independent Tax Counsel (as that term is defined below) determines that the aggregate payments and benefits provided or to be provided [[Organization B:Organization]] Executive pursuant to this Agreement, and any other payments and benefits provided or to be provided [[Organization B:Organization]] Executive from the Company or any of its subsidiaries or other affiliates or any successors thereto constitute “parachute payments” as defined in Section 280G of the Code (“Parachute Payments”) that would be subject [[Organization B:Organization]] excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code (the “Excise Tax”), then, except as otherwise provided in the next sentence, such Parachute Payments shall be reduced [[Organization B:Organization]] extent the Independent Tax Counsel shall determine is necessary (but not below zero) so that no portion thereof shall be subject [[Organization B:Organization]] Excise Tax. If Independent Tax Counsel determines that the Executive would receive in the aggregate greater payments and benefits on an after tax basis if the Parachute Payments were not reduced pursuant to this Section 5(f), then no such reduction shall be made. The determination of which payments or benefits shall be reduced to avoid the Excise Tax shall be made by the Independent Tax Counsel, provided that the Independent Tax Counsel shall reduce or eliminate, as the case may be, payments or benefits in the following order # cash payments not subject to Section 409A of the Code; # cash payments subject to Section 409A of the Code; # equity-based payments and acceleration; and # non-cash forms of benefits. [[Organization B:Organization]] extent any payment is to be made over time (e.g., in installments, etc.), then the payments shall be reduced in reverse chronological order. The determination of the Independent Tax Counsel under this Section 5(f) shall be final and binding on all parties hereto. For purposes of this Section 5(f), “Independent Tax Counsel” shall mean a lawyer, a certified public accountant with a nationally recognized accounting firm, or a compensation consultant with a nationally recognized actuarial and benefits consulting firm with expertise in the area of executive compensation tax law, who shall be selected by the Board, and whose fees and disbursements shall be paid by the Company. The Executive shall have the right, at her own expense, to retain Independent Tax Counsel to rebut any decision made by the Company’s Independent Tax Counsel, who may consider such rebuttal before making its final and binding determination.

Parachute Tax. Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing to the contrary, if any of the payments to Employee (prior to any reduction below) provided for in this Agreement, together with any other payments which Employee has the right to receive from the Company or any corporation which is a member of an “affiliated group” as defined in Section 1504(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Code”), without regard to Section 1504(b) of the Code, of which the Company is a member (the “Payments”) would constitute a “parachute payment” (as defined in Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code), and if the Taxed Amount is greater than the Safe Harbor Amount, then the total amount of such Payments shall be reduced to the Safe Harbor Amount. The “Safe Harbor Amount” is the largest portion of the Payments that would result in no portion of the Payments being subject to the excise tax set forth at Section 4999 of the Code (“Excise Tax”). The “Taxed Amount” is the total amount of the Payments (prior to any reduction, above) notwithstanding that all or some portion of the Payments may be subject to the Excise Tax. Solely for the purpose of comparing which of the Safe Harbor Amount and the Taxed Amount is greater, the determination of each such amount shall be made on an after-tax basis, taking into account all applicable federal, state and local employment taxes, income taxes, and the Excise Tax (all of which shall be computed at the highest applicable marginal rate). If a reduction of the Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount is necessary, then the reduction shall occur in the following order: reduction of cash payments; cancellation of accelerated vesting of stock awards; reduction of employee benefits. In the event that acceleration of vesting of stock award compensation is to be reduced, such acceleration of vesting shall be cancelled in the reverse order of the date of grant of the Employee’s participant’s stock awards.

Parachute Awards. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 7(e)(i)(A), if, in connection with an Acquisition described therein, a tax under Section 4999 of the Code would be imposed on the Participant (after taking into account the exceptions set forth in Sections 280G(b)(4) and 280G(b)(5) of the Code), then the number of Awards that shall become exercisable, realizable or vested as provided in such section shall be reduced (or delayed), to the minimum extent necessary, so that no such tax would be imposed on the Participant (the Awards not becoming so accelerated, realizable or vested, the “Parachute Awards”); provided, however, that if the “aggregate present value” of the Parachute Awards would exceed the tax that, but for this sentence, would be imposed on the Participant under Section 4999 of the Code in connection with the Acquisition, then the Awards shall become immediately exercisable, realizable and vested without regard to the provisions of this sentence. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the “aggregate present value” of an Award shall be calculated on an after-tax basis (other than taxes imposed by Section 4999 of the Code) and shall be based on economic principles rather than the principles set forth under Section 280G of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder. All determinations required to be made under this Section 7(e)(iii) shall be made by [[Organization A:Organization]].

In the event that: # the Employer separates the Executive's service other than as a result of Disability and other than for Cause, or the Executive separates his or her service for Good Reason; and # the Executive's separation from service occurs in anticipation of or within one year after a Change in Control, then the Employer shall pay the Executive the severance benefits described in this Section 2. The Executive's separation from service shall be deemed to be in anticipation of a Change in Control if it occurs within the twelve (12) month period prior to the occurrence of the Change in Control. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the payment of the severance benefits would result in an excess parachute payment as defined under Code Section 280G, then the amount of the severance benefits to be paid to the Executive shall be reduced to an amount equal to the maximum dollar amount that can be paid to the executive without causing the payment of an excess parachute payment.

It is intended that the present value of any payments or benefits to Executive, whether hereunder or otherwise, that are includible in the computation of the Parachute Amount shall not exceed 2.99 times the Executive’s base amount. Accordingly, if Executive receives any payment or benefit from the Company prior to payment of the Parachute Amount which, when added to the Parachute Amount, would subject any of the payments or benefits to Executive to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code, the Parachute Amount shall be reduced by the least amount necessary to avoid such tax. The Company shall have no obligation hereunder to make any payment or provide any benefit to Executive after the payment of the Parachute Amount which would subject any of such payments or benefits to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code.